CONCEPT OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND BIHAR: FOR BPSC MAIND EXAM

               PART-3

BIHAR ECONOMIC SURVEY- CONCEPT OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT:

NOTE: THE SOURCE OF DISCUSSION IS BASED ON BIHAR ECONOMIC SURVEY AND BUDGET.

Urbanisation is a need of hours, and a basic indicator of the development of a country or a region. urbanisation indicates economic prosperity and alternation of sectoral compostion away from the agricultural sector. In bihar, the rate of urbanization has been very low compared to all india rate .

Within bihar, the pattern of the urbanization has been very skewed as on one extreme the rate of urbanization was as high 43.1% in patna and on other hand was only 3.5% in banka. To improve amenities at the urban centres, the state govt. has introduced various schemes like "HAR GHAR NAL KA JAL", "GHAR TAK PAKKI GALI NALIYAAN". 

The urban areas are considered to be " engine of growth"and "shrine of social changes" as they are harbingers of economic prosperity and overall social-spatial development. urbanization is, therefore, regarded as sine qua non(essential condition) of the economic development.

The urbanization is not only an outcome of the growth process and sectoral transition. it also acts as an impetus for strengthening the growth process through market exchanges, technology and social mobility.

In bihar, urban development has been limited and, therefore, there is an enromous scope for promoting urban development in the state. This will lead to expansion of non- farm activities and prevent massive out- migration of workers from bihar to other indian states.

The challenge of urban development has two different dimensions.

At First, to facilitate urban development, there has to be provision of basic civil amenities with necessary supportive human and physical infrastructure. The Second, dimention which is more important in the context of bihar, refers to the conversion of relatively larger rural centres to urban centres, such that these places are able to promote more non agricultural production activities.

The degree of urbanization is a pointer to the relative number of people residing in urban areas. the pattern of the urbanisation in bihar depicts high intra- state disparity, highly urbanized district is patna while lowest is banka. the basic four component of the urban services-

• piped water supply.
• toilets and drainages
• roads and connecting highways.

One of the basic requirement of the fastest urban development is the availability of adequate roads of good quality, which ensures easy movements within a town.