ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE : BIHAR: BPSC MAINS EXAM

 

            PART-4

BIHAR ECONOMIC SURVEY- CONCEPT OF ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE:

NOTE: THE SOURCE OF DISCUSSION IS BASED ON BIHAR ECONOMIC SURVEY AND BUDGET.

It is well known fact that globally, the environmental resources are under stress due to increasing population, urbanization and economic growth, and the state of bihar is not an exception to this scenerio. more tha 85% of the population in bihar live in rural areas and are dependent on climate senstive sectors, such as agriculture, fishries, and forestry for their livelihood. as the demand for natural resources are growing for multiple use such as water, soil, air etc. are serious concern. The proper management of environment has been a priopity for state govt. to ensure efficient, equitable, and sustainable use of the natural resources. bihar is also prone to excessive flooding, where more than 70% of the population are living under constant threat of floods.
In recent years, the standard of river water has become a major environtal concerns.Unsettling population growth and growing demand of water, the water level of surface depletion growing increasingly.  
There has also been a declined in flow of river waters, these factors have together affected the quality of river water. In recent year, the dependency on ground water resources has been rising on account of rapid economic and urban growth. such growths leads to a decline in ground water table, discharges and water quality.
The ground water contamination refers to the presence of certain pollutants, such as fluoride, nitrate, arsenic, iron, lead, cadmium, cromium etc. in excess of prescribed limita in water 
In flood prone state like bihar, wetlands are extremely beneficial, as they help in controlling flood by regulating and recharging the hydrological process
Some schemes- Krishi vaniki yojana, har parishar hara parishar yojana.