SOCIAL ECONOMIC PROFILE OF BIHAR: BPSC MAINS WRITING.

             PART-1

BIHAR ECONOMIC SURVEY- CONCEPT OF SOCIO ECONOMIC PROFILE:

NOTE: THE SOURCE OF DISCUSSION IS BASED ON BIHAR ECONOMIC SURVEY AND BUDGET:

Bihar is a densely populated state, where 1106 persons lived per square km. in 2011. Sex ratio at birth and the child sex ratio had declined in both bihar and india. Most of the population of state lives in rural areas with the urbanization ratio at only 11.3% in 2011. however, with consistent socio economic developments of the state, these ratios are expected to improve for bihar in next census. The poverty ratio using tendulkar committee methodology for bihar was 34.1% for rural areas and 31.2% for urban areas in 2011-2012. The overall poverty ratio was 33.7% which is much higher than all india poverty ratio.   

• Growth of bihar economy has grown at higher rate than the growth registered by country in last three year. The higher growth rate in year in 2017-18 and 2018-19 has been largely due to relatively higher growth in tertiary sector in state. in year 2018-19 primary sector(india-2.7%,bihar-.6%) , secondary sector(india-7.5%, bihar-6.3%), tertiary sector (india-7.5%, bihar-13.3%).
• Per capita income, three most prosperous districts of bihar are patna, munger and begusarai and disadvantageous are madhepura, supaul and sheohar.petrol, diesel, CNG, average per capita consumption of these petroleum products can be used to judge the level of economic activity at the district level and hence district wise disparity. The combined inflation rate in bihar has been the lowest 1.25% compared to india 4.62%.
• per capita NSDP at constant price, the per capita income for bihar has increased from Rs.21750 in 2011-12 to Rs. 30617 in 2018-19. however bihar has the lowest per capita income among the states in india. Thus state needs extra push to increase its economic activity so that it converges towards  the national average of the per capita income.
• it can be concluded that the bihar economy has grown on the account of the growth in the tertiary sector . The untapped potential for the growth in the primary sector will help the state to achieve a higher growth rate in comming year. The crops and the livestockes are the major part of the primary sector in the state.