PART-2
BIHAR ECONOMIC SURVEY- LABOUR, EMPLOYMENT, AND MIGRATION:
NOTE: THE SOURCE OF DISCUSSION IS BASED ON BIHAR ECONOMIC SURVEY AND BUDGET
Bihar is one of the prominent labour surplus state in india. Bihar suplies both skilled and unskilled labour to the other part of the country, as well as foreign ones. official source suggests that work participation rate in bihar is lower than the all india average, especially for women workers. In bihar, the different govt. agencies and institutions are trying to create additional employment opportunities for different sections of the working - age population is engaged in agricultural and allied activities. Historically, due to low industrial development and existance of few skills - based service sector, a large share of this working age-population has also been migrated to other states and foreign countries in search of remunerative employment opportunities.
labour force participation rate for males and females in bihar was lower than the all india average during 2017-18, importantly for females was abysmally low in bihar compared to the all india average. such abysmal lower level for females is a matter of concern for the policy makers. the reason for such a low level for females are multidimensional- social, economic, and cultural. In bihar, the unemployment rate for male workforce was higher than that of all india level, while the female unemployment rate was much lower than that of all india level, because majority of female can not afford to be unemployed due to their poverty and, as such, are forced to accept employment even at a very low wage.
the proportion of self- employed workers was significantly lower at 33.9% in bihar compared to all india 51.9% in 2017-18. one possible reason for such a low level self employment is that the small size of operational land holdings or landlessness among rural house holds is unable to generate employment opportunities even for family labour, particularly for female family member, secondly, socio- cultural restrictions on women belonging to certain caste and classes force them to stay out of the economic activities even within their own farms and remains confined to do house hold chores. lower self employment means regular wages/ salaries status was higher.
Bihar is one of the prominent labour surplus state in india. Bihar suplies both skilled and unskilled labour to the other part of the country, as well as foreign ones. official source suggests that work participation rate in bihar is lower than the all india average, especially for women workers. In bihar, the different govt. agencies and institutions are trying to create additional employment opportunities for different sections of the working - age population is engaged in agricultural and allied activities. Historically, due to low industrial development and existance of few skills - based service sector, a large share of this working age-population has also been migrated to other states and foreign countries in search of remunerative employment opportunities.
labour force participation rate for males and females in bihar was lower than the all india average during 2017-18, importantly for females was abysmally low in bihar compared to the all india average. such abysmal lower level for females is a matter of concern for the policy makers. the reason for such a low level for females are multidimensional- social, economic, and cultural. In bihar, the unemployment rate for male workforce was higher than that of all india level, while the female unemployment rate was much lower than that of all india level, because majority of female can not afford to be unemployed due to their poverty and, as such, are forced to accept employment even at a very low wage.
the proportion of self- employed workers was significantly lower at 33.9% in bihar compared to all india 51.9% in 2017-18. one possible reason for such a low level self employment is that the small size of operational land holdings or landlessness among rural house holds is unable to generate employment opportunities even for family labour, particularly for female family member, secondly, socio- cultural restrictions on women belonging to certain caste and classes force them to stay out of the economic activities even within their own farms and remains confined to do house hold chores. lower self employment means regular wages/ salaries status was higher.
Initiatives of state govt.-
- bonded labour rehablitation scheme free bonded labour from various forms of oppression and then ensure their rehabilitation.
- minimum wage rates.
- state plan action for child protection,rescue and rehabilitation2009.
- dasharath manjhi labour and planning institute.
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