ECONOMICS: BPSC: STATUS OF AGRICULTURE IN BIHAR

                            PART-1

BIHAR ECONOMIC SURVEY- CONCEPT OF AGRICULTURAL STATUS IN STATE:

NOTE: THE SOURCE OF DISCUSSION IS BASED ON BIHAR ECONOMIC SURVEY AND BUDGET:

"Agriculture is the most healthful, most useful and most noble employment of men"----GEORGE WASHINGTON.  

Given that the multiplier effects of agriculture on poverty reduction  is larger, the state govt. has allocated substantial financial resources to promote sustainable agricultural growth through targeted investments, infrastructure developments and incentives scheme in bihar.

The agricultural road map III (2017-22)  has allocated a sum of Rs. 1.54 lakh crore for development of agricultural and allied sectors, which includes projects to strengthen irrigation, flood protection, food processing, and dairy development. The public spending on agricultural sector will enhance the adoptation of high yielding varities of seeds, modern technology and other implements needed to improve productivity.

• The land resource forms the basis of production of food, fodder, and fibre in any economy to enable the expansion of economic, social and human activity.
• with increasing demand and competing use of land for both agricultural and non agricultural purposes, land is becoming increasingly scarce for cultivation.
• further increase in population , migration, deforestation, soil degradation and risk of climate change pose challenge to sustainable management of land resources.
• the amount of land is finite but demand of land for alternative uses are growing, calling for proper planning for optimum use of land resources.
• the net sown area is high in champaran, while lowest in sheohar. the total uncultivated land was higest in gaya, while lowest in sheikhpura
• varying agro- ecological condition, climate factorand soil quality are contributing factors to deciding the pattern of land use in bihar.
• the data reveals that only 14.2% of the total land holdings are owned by females in bihar. 
• the agricultural production in the state is largely depends on south- west monsoon.
• The state govt. has made significant efforts through promotion of ZERO TILLAGE METHOD and system of rice intensification technique to increase rice production. to enhance the productivity of cereals state govt. is making efforts through modernization of farms, technological adoption, investment in irrigation infrastructure and abating pest attack.
• state govt. launched JALVAYU KE ANUKUL KRISHI, frogen semen station is being constructed in Purnea. indigeneous breeding cattle under gokul gram is being implemented at dumraon in buxar.